2018 SOUTH DAKOTABrookings, South Dakota
August 15-16, 2018 |
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2018 seminars & presenTations
WEDNESDAY, august 154:00 to 6:00pm: Industry Presentations
Puck Custom Enterprises Pump School, (H/B, 1 CEC) Puck Custom Enterprises is committed to offering customers the knowledge and equipment to maximize their profit potential. Their goal is to share what they have learned over the past 25 years as applicators, gain insight into operations and find new executions for improved efficiency. Pump School provides the opportunity to discuss how to better use the tools we already possess and create more efficient tools for the future. The PCE team understands the time you spend developing your operation and strives to find the innovation necessary for your success. Vermeer Session Topic: Manure composting: Learn from those that know Hear firsthand from a panel of operators who have been composting manure for years. They will share their insights into how they came to manage manure with composting and the impact it has had on their operations. This session is intended to be interactive with time allowed for questions from the audience. Corteva Agriscience Session Topic: How to Maximize Your Manure with Nitrogen Maximizers Recent research developed by Iowa State University shows that later application timing of manure combined with the use of a nitrogen stabilizer, Instinct® nitrogen stabilizer, can have a significant impact on yield. In this fact-filled presentation, Kenny Johnson, CCA, Corteva Agriscience™, will address the specific benefits of livestock manure on soil health, research findings that impact the application timing of liquid swine manure, and how adding a nitrogen stabilizer to fall or spring applied manure can increase yield and positively impact water quality. OXBO Session Topic: How to Turn Manure, Biosolids, Compost, Lime and other products into fertilizer Steve Pesik from Oxbo International and Dorus Van Esch from Ploeger Machines bv will discuss how using the proper applicator with the right technical features can turn waste materials into a valuable commodity. They will cover both liquid and dry products and choosing the right applicator based on the product being spread. Also to be discussed is documentation, what is required and how it is accomplished, including control features, computer control, weighing system, steering and accuracy. They will discuss technical product details of the various spreader products and how machines are being used in Europe. The Oxbo and Ploeger team has over 30 years of nutrient management experience in both North America and Europe. Click here for more information on the presentations. |
Continuing education creditsCCA (Certified Crop Advisor) Continuing Education Units (CEU):
N.M. = Nutrient Management = CEUs S&W = Soils and Water = CEUs P.D. = Professional Development = CEUs C.M. = Crop Management = CEUs Pennsylvania Continuing Education Credits (CEC):
N.M = Nutrient Management H/B = Manure Hauler/Broker WI, IL, MI Level 2 Voluntary Applicator Certification Credits
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THURSDAY, august 16
Manure Basics
9:00am - Manure Sampling: From the Farm to the Lab and Back Again, (N.M., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Cheri Ladwig, Chemistry/Manure Lab Lead Technician, Stearns DHIA Laboratories - This presentation will discuss the do’s and don’ts of sampling and submitting your samples. A representative manure sample is imperative to obtaining the most accurate results from your manure laboratory. Learn about how we get the results that are so important to the application of your manure, ensuring maximum fertilizer benefits as well as minimizing environmental impact.
9:30am - Maximizing Your Resources: Getting the Most Out of Your Manure, (N.M., 0.5 CEU),
(H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Andy Scholting, President/General Manager, Nutrient Advisors - Learn how to understand manure as fertilizer products and then evaluate factors to develop solid marketing programs for individual farms that maximize returns from manure resources.
10:00am - Use of Nitrification Inhibitors with Manure, (C.M., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Dr. Carrie Laboski, Professor & Extension Soil Scientist, Soil Fertility/Nutrient Management, University of Wisconsin- Madison - This presentation will provide an overview of recent research on the efficacy of the nitrification inhibitor Instinct when used with dairy and swine manure. Efficacy is measured both as impact on corn yield and changes in soil nitrate and ammonium status.
10:30am - Let's Talk About the "B Word", (N.M., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Dr. Amy Millmier Schmidt, Associate Professor & Livestock Bioenvironmental Engineer, University of Nebraska-Lincoln - Biosecurity is not a new concept for livestock farmers but PEDV and HPAI made “the B word” a hot topic in recent years. Manure and mortalities can contain immense amounts of disease-causing organisms and it doesn’t take much of either source to spread disease. During this session, we’ll talk about the most recent research-based guidelines for maintaining biosecurity during manure handling and pumping and discuss how farmers and manure haulers can work together to spread manure without spreading disease.
11:00am - Manure Application Uniformity of Solid & Liquid Manure, (N.M., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Dr. Dan Andersen, Assistant Professor, Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University - How uniformly can current equipment apply different types of manure? When does it matter and why should you care? Getting the most from your manure means understanding the benefits and limitations of it as a fertilizer source, how it interacts with your crops, and what current equipment can do. We’ll take a look at these and a few upcoming machinery opportunities.
11:30am - How Do I Know How Much I'm Applying?, (N.M., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Leslie Johnson, Animal Manure Management Program Coordinator, Nebraska Extension - This presentation will discuss application uniformity, the importance of knowing your spreader pattern, and how to accurately measure the amount of manure you are applying in the field. The presentation will include a hands-on activity to understand the process of manure spreader calibration.
Manure and the Environment
9:00am - Water Quality Impacts of Manure Application During the Winter, (S&W, 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Todd Trooien, Professor, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University - If manure can be spread during the winter in the northern plains with no increase in water quality impairments, cattle producers can save time and money. This presentation will assess the probability of snowmelt runoff and provide an overview of measurement and modeling research that outlines the impact of application of manure during the winter.
9:30am - Managing Manure on Tile Drained Land, (S&W, 0.5 CEU), (0.5), Aaron Pape, Tile Drainage Education Coordinator, UW Discovery Farms - Managing manure on tile drained lands while protecting water quality can be a challenge. With ten years of tile monitoring data, Discovery Farms has some advice for how to keep manure and nutrients out of tile drains. We will also preview an on-going tile monitoring study that aims to provide more detailed practices to improve water quality when managing tiled lands.
10:00am - Understanding Microbial Fate and Transport Resulting From Manure Application, (N.M., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Rachel McDaniel, Assistant Professor/Water Resource Engineer, South Dakota State University- What happens to the microbes in manure when it is applied to croplands? What are some strategies to reduce microbial transport to surface waters? This presentation will summarize the die off, transport, and mitigation of microbes from manure applied to croplands.
10:30am - Respiratory Hazards of Manure Laden Dust, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Doug Hamilton, Associate Professor, Extension Waste Management Specialist, Oklahoma State University - Often overshadowed by poisonous gases, dust can cause acute and chronic damage to the respiratory system. Bioaerosols, particles made up of organic matter or living organisms can cause both allergic and non-allergic illness. The best way to protect yourself from these hazards is to wear a respirator when working in dusty environments.
11:00am - Manure Effects on Soil Physical Properties, (S&W, 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Charles Wortmann, Professor, Soil Science, University of Nebraska - Lincoln - The results of several studies on the effect of application of manure and other organic materials on soil physical properties and soil susceptibility to erosion will be discussed. The effect of manure application relative to initial soil conditions will be addressed as effects are small for some cases but great for other conditions.
11:30am - Emergency Response in a Natural Disaster, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Kevin Erb, Director, Conservation Professional Training Program, University of Wisconsin Extension - Would you know what to do if a lightning strike or spontaneous combustion ignited your stockpiled manure? Did you know that normal firefighting methods could make the problem worse? Or how to handle a rapid snowmelt that filled liquid storage to the top? Spending some thinking about the unthinkable now will make a huge difference when a problem happens.
Manure on the Job Site
9:00am - Working Across Language and Cultural Barriers in Agriculture, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (0.5), Chela Vazquez, Project Coordinator Immigrant Dairy Worker Health and Safety, Upper Midwest Agricultural Safety and Health Center, University of Minnesota - The life of most agricultural workers in the U.S. is greatly influenced by their immigration experience and by cultural and language differences in the workplace and communities where they live. Agriculture, and dairy in particular, have high rates of injury and even death. Immigration status and lack of work authorization, lack of job experience, limited awareness of labor protections and fear of job loss add to the vulnerabilities of immigrant workers. Understanding workers’ background and culture and the challenges they face as well as facilitating access to training programs to improve worker health and safety are important steps. This session will describe the immigrant population working in dairy and discuss a successful worker health and safety for immigrant dairy worker safety program, Seguridad en las Lecherias: Immigrant Dairy Worker Health and Safety.
9:30am - Public Perception, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Rick Martens, Executive Director, Minnesota Custom Applicators Association - Public perception may become public policy. How we interact with our neighbors and the general public is important. We need to promote and educate how and why we apply manure. Understanding the importance of having a good working relationship with local and state agencies.
10:00am - Manure Spill Prevention, Planning & Response, (N.M., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Neal Konda, Natural Resources Engineer, South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources - The presentation will focus on manure spill prevention, planning, and response to spills including common causes, recommended response equipment, notification requirements, and equipment requirements specific to the State of South Dakota.
10:30am - After the Manure Pit: Surviving a Near Death Encounter with Hydrogen Sulfide, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Jerry Nelson, Former Dairy Farmer, Freelance Author, Ad Salesman and Writer for the Dairy Star - On July 10, 1988, Jerry entered a manure pit on his family’s dairy farm. He was swiftly overcome by hydrogen sulfide gas and was found floating unconscious in the manure. He was ambulanced to a nearby hospital where the medical staff put his odds of survival at zero. Jerry’s wife insisted that he be flown to a larger hospital, where he spent nearly a month in Intensive Care. After more than five weeks in the hospital Jerry was able to return home and resume his farming career.
11:00am - Manure Pit Safety - Don't be Complacent, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Tracey Erickson, Dairy Field Specialist, South Dakota State University Extension - Attendees will learn why they need to vigilant when working around manure storage facilities to stay safe. Guidelines will be offered on how to establish proper safety protocols for their operation and what the basic safety guidelines should be followed.
11:30am - Conflict Resolution - How to Communicate With Various Personality Styles, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Mary Berg, Extension Specialist, Livestock Environmental Management, North Dakota State University, and Jodi Bruns, Extension Specialist, Center for Community Vitality, North Dakota State University - Why can’t people just do things the way I do, the right way? Do you ever wonder why you are misunderstood? This session will cover why people are misunderstood and how it easily escalates into a conflict situation. Learn a few new techniques for communicating for greater understanding.
Manure and Soil Health
9:00am - Can Manure Improve Soil Health?, (S&W, 0.5 CEU), (0.5), Teng Lim, Associate Professor of Extension, University of Missouri - Recommendations regarding manure use and soil health indicators are important in agronomic and environmental protection decisions. This project correlated important soil health variables with land application of manure and cover crops, specific to state-wide samples collected in Missouri.
9:30am - Transforming Manure Management from 'Waste' to 'Worth', (S&W, 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Rick Koelsch, Professor of Biological Systems Engineering & Animal Science, University of Nebraska - Lincoln - The value of manure is dependent upon the nutrients’ value for crop fertility and the carbon’s value (or organic matter) for improving soil quality. So what is the economic value of manure? And which fields should be targeted to achieve the greatest economic and soil quality improvement? This discussion is intended to encourage management of manure for its maximum “worth” and discourage its management as a “waste”.
10:00am - Using Compost in a Cropping System - A Farmer's Perspective, (C.M., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Joe Breker, Farmer, North Dakota - Joe will share what he has learned from using composted manure in his cropping system. He will share the pros and cons of making and using the product as well as how it has changed his soils.
10:30am - Manure Management Rate Effects on Soil Health in SD, (C.M., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Anthony Bly, Soils Field Specialist, South Dakota State University Extension - Long term manure studies were conducted in eastern South Dakota with manure rates determined by CAFO permit allowances and compared with commercial fertilizer applications. Corn and soybean grain yields as well as soil nutrient and health properties were measured. This presentation will summarize the long term influence of manure application on soil nutrient levels and soil health properties.
11:00am - Can Manure Application Improve Soil Health?, (S&W, 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Linda Schott, Extension Graduate Research Assistant, University of Nebraska - Lincoln - The principal focus of soil health management is to preserve and improve soil physical, chemical, and biological properties such that conditions for supporting plant growth and ecological function are optimized. The effect of manure application on soil health has received much less attention than other management practices, like no-tillage and cover crops. This presentation will provide an overview about the impact of manure application on soil health indicators.
11:30am - Manure and Cover Crops BMP's, (C.M., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Melissa Wilson, Assistant Professor, Manure Nutrient Management and Water Quality, University of Minnesota - Cover crops can be a useful tool for capturing nutrients from fall applications of manure. This presentation will highlight what was learned from a two-year, on-farm study in Minnesota which evaluated the injection of liquid manures into a winter rye cover crop.
9:00am - Manure Sampling: From the Farm to the Lab and Back Again, (N.M., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Cheri Ladwig, Chemistry/Manure Lab Lead Technician, Stearns DHIA Laboratories - This presentation will discuss the do’s and don’ts of sampling and submitting your samples. A representative manure sample is imperative to obtaining the most accurate results from your manure laboratory. Learn about how we get the results that are so important to the application of your manure, ensuring maximum fertilizer benefits as well as minimizing environmental impact.
9:30am - Maximizing Your Resources: Getting the Most Out of Your Manure, (N.M., 0.5 CEU),
(H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Andy Scholting, President/General Manager, Nutrient Advisors - Learn how to understand manure as fertilizer products and then evaluate factors to develop solid marketing programs for individual farms that maximize returns from manure resources.
10:00am - Use of Nitrification Inhibitors with Manure, (C.M., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Dr. Carrie Laboski, Professor & Extension Soil Scientist, Soil Fertility/Nutrient Management, University of Wisconsin- Madison - This presentation will provide an overview of recent research on the efficacy of the nitrification inhibitor Instinct when used with dairy and swine manure. Efficacy is measured both as impact on corn yield and changes in soil nitrate and ammonium status.
10:30am - Let's Talk About the "B Word", (N.M., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Dr. Amy Millmier Schmidt, Associate Professor & Livestock Bioenvironmental Engineer, University of Nebraska-Lincoln - Biosecurity is not a new concept for livestock farmers but PEDV and HPAI made “the B word” a hot topic in recent years. Manure and mortalities can contain immense amounts of disease-causing organisms and it doesn’t take much of either source to spread disease. During this session, we’ll talk about the most recent research-based guidelines for maintaining biosecurity during manure handling and pumping and discuss how farmers and manure haulers can work together to spread manure without spreading disease.
11:00am - Manure Application Uniformity of Solid & Liquid Manure, (N.M., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Dr. Dan Andersen, Assistant Professor, Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University - How uniformly can current equipment apply different types of manure? When does it matter and why should you care? Getting the most from your manure means understanding the benefits and limitations of it as a fertilizer source, how it interacts with your crops, and what current equipment can do. We’ll take a look at these and a few upcoming machinery opportunities.
11:30am - How Do I Know How Much I'm Applying?, (N.M., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Leslie Johnson, Animal Manure Management Program Coordinator, Nebraska Extension - This presentation will discuss application uniformity, the importance of knowing your spreader pattern, and how to accurately measure the amount of manure you are applying in the field. The presentation will include a hands-on activity to understand the process of manure spreader calibration.
Manure and the Environment
9:00am - Water Quality Impacts of Manure Application During the Winter, (S&W, 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Todd Trooien, Professor, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University - If manure can be spread during the winter in the northern plains with no increase in water quality impairments, cattle producers can save time and money. This presentation will assess the probability of snowmelt runoff and provide an overview of measurement and modeling research that outlines the impact of application of manure during the winter.
9:30am - Managing Manure on Tile Drained Land, (S&W, 0.5 CEU), (0.5), Aaron Pape, Tile Drainage Education Coordinator, UW Discovery Farms - Managing manure on tile drained lands while protecting water quality can be a challenge. With ten years of tile monitoring data, Discovery Farms has some advice for how to keep manure and nutrients out of tile drains. We will also preview an on-going tile monitoring study that aims to provide more detailed practices to improve water quality when managing tiled lands.
10:00am - Understanding Microbial Fate and Transport Resulting From Manure Application, (N.M., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Rachel McDaniel, Assistant Professor/Water Resource Engineer, South Dakota State University- What happens to the microbes in manure when it is applied to croplands? What are some strategies to reduce microbial transport to surface waters? This presentation will summarize the die off, transport, and mitigation of microbes from manure applied to croplands.
10:30am - Respiratory Hazards of Manure Laden Dust, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Doug Hamilton, Associate Professor, Extension Waste Management Specialist, Oklahoma State University - Often overshadowed by poisonous gases, dust can cause acute and chronic damage to the respiratory system. Bioaerosols, particles made up of organic matter or living organisms can cause both allergic and non-allergic illness. The best way to protect yourself from these hazards is to wear a respirator when working in dusty environments.
11:00am - Manure Effects on Soil Physical Properties, (S&W, 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Charles Wortmann, Professor, Soil Science, University of Nebraska - Lincoln - The results of several studies on the effect of application of manure and other organic materials on soil physical properties and soil susceptibility to erosion will be discussed. The effect of manure application relative to initial soil conditions will be addressed as effects are small for some cases but great for other conditions.
11:30am - Emergency Response in a Natural Disaster, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Kevin Erb, Director, Conservation Professional Training Program, University of Wisconsin Extension - Would you know what to do if a lightning strike or spontaneous combustion ignited your stockpiled manure? Did you know that normal firefighting methods could make the problem worse? Or how to handle a rapid snowmelt that filled liquid storage to the top? Spending some thinking about the unthinkable now will make a huge difference when a problem happens.
Manure on the Job Site
9:00am - Working Across Language and Cultural Barriers in Agriculture, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (0.5), Chela Vazquez, Project Coordinator Immigrant Dairy Worker Health and Safety, Upper Midwest Agricultural Safety and Health Center, University of Minnesota - The life of most agricultural workers in the U.S. is greatly influenced by their immigration experience and by cultural and language differences in the workplace and communities where they live. Agriculture, and dairy in particular, have high rates of injury and even death. Immigration status and lack of work authorization, lack of job experience, limited awareness of labor protections and fear of job loss add to the vulnerabilities of immigrant workers. Understanding workers’ background and culture and the challenges they face as well as facilitating access to training programs to improve worker health and safety are important steps. This session will describe the immigrant population working in dairy and discuss a successful worker health and safety for immigrant dairy worker safety program, Seguridad en las Lecherias: Immigrant Dairy Worker Health and Safety.
9:30am - Public Perception, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Rick Martens, Executive Director, Minnesota Custom Applicators Association - Public perception may become public policy. How we interact with our neighbors and the general public is important. We need to promote and educate how and why we apply manure. Understanding the importance of having a good working relationship with local and state agencies.
10:00am - Manure Spill Prevention, Planning & Response, (N.M., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Neal Konda, Natural Resources Engineer, South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources - The presentation will focus on manure spill prevention, planning, and response to spills including common causes, recommended response equipment, notification requirements, and equipment requirements specific to the State of South Dakota.
10:30am - After the Manure Pit: Surviving a Near Death Encounter with Hydrogen Sulfide, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Jerry Nelson, Former Dairy Farmer, Freelance Author, Ad Salesman and Writer for the Dairy Star - On July 10, 1988, Jerry entered a manure pit on his family’s dairy farm. He was swiftly overcome by hydrogen sulfide gas and was found floating unconscious in the manure. He was ambulanced to a nearby hospital where the medical staff put his odds of survival at zero. Jerry’s wife insisted that he be flown to a larger hospital, where he spent nearly a month in Intensive Care. After more than five weeks in the hospital Jerry was able to return home and resume his farming career.
11:00am - Manure Pit Safety - Don't be Complacent, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Tracey Erickson, Dairy Field Specialist, South Dakota State University Extension - Attendees will learn why they need to vigilant when working around manure storage facilities to stay safe. Guidelines will be offered on how to establish proper safety protocols for their operation and what the basic safety guidelines should be followed.
11:30am - Conflict Resolution - How to Communicate With Various Personality Styles, (P.D., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Mary Berg, Extension Specialist, Livestock Environmental Management, North Dakota State University, and Jodi Bruns, Extension Specialist, Center for Community Vitality, North Dakota State University - Why can’t people just do things the way I do, the right way? Do you ever wonder why you are misunderstood? This session will cover why people are misunderstood and how it easily escalates into a conflict situation. Learn a few new techniques for communicating for greater understanding.
Manure and Soil Health
9:00am - Can Manure Improve Soil Health?, (S&W, 0.5 CEU), (0.5), Teng Lim, Associate Professor of Extension, University of Missouri - Recommendations regarding manure use and soil health indicators are important in agronomic and environmental protection decisions. This project correlated important soil health variables with land application of manure and cover crops, specific to state-wide samples collected in Missouri.
9:30am - Transforming Manure Management from 'Waste' to 'Worth', (S&W, 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Rick Koelsch, Professor of Biological Systems Engineering & Animal Science, University of Nebraska - Lincoln - The value of manure is dependent upon the nutrients’ value for crop fertility and the carbon’s value (or organic matter) for improving soil quality. So what is the economic value of manure? And which fields should be targeted to achieve the greatest economic and soil quality improvement? This discussion is intended to encourage management of manure for its maximum “worth” and discourage its management as a “waste”.
10:00am - Using Compost in a Cropping System - A Farmer's Perspective, (C.M., 0.5 CEU), (H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Joe Breker, Farmer, North Dakota - Joe will share what he has learned from using composted manure in his cropping system. He will share the pros and cons of making and using the product as well as how it has changed his soils.
10:30am - Manure Management Rate Effects on Soil Health in SD, (C.M., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Anthony Bly, Soils Field Specialist, South Dakota State University Extension - Long term manure studies were conducted in eastern South Dakota with manure rates determined by CAFO permit allowances and compared with commercial fertilizer applications. Corn and soybean grain yields as well as soil nutrient and health properties were measured. This presentation will summarize the long term influence of manure application on soil nutrient levels and soil health properties.
11:00am - Can Manure Application Improve Soil Health?, (S&W, 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Linda Schott, Extension Graduate Research Assistant, University of Nebraska - Lincoln - The principal focus of soil health management is to preserve and improve soil physical, chemical, and biological properties such that conditions for supporting plant growth and ecological function are optimized. The effect of manure application on soil health has received much less attention than other management practices, like no-tillage and cover crops. This presentation will provide an overview about the impact of manure application on soil health indicators.
11:30am - Manure and Cover Crops BMP's, (C.M., 0.5 CEU), (N.M., 0.5, H/B, 0.5), (0.5), Melissa Wilson, Assistant Professor, Manure Nutrient Management and Water Quality, University of Minnesota - Cover crops can be a useful tool for capturing nutrients from fall applications of manure. This presentation will highlight what was learned from a two-year, on-farm study in Minnesota which evaluated the injection of liquid manures into a winter rye cover crop.
Poster presentations and student poster competition abstracts
Freezing Point Depression of Sand Laden Manure*
Authors: Maddie Watkins, University of Minnesota; Erin Cortus
Abstract: Sand is frequently used for bedding in dairies, and some sand ultimately ends up in the liquid manure regularly removed from the barn. Sand lanes effectively separate sand from manure by settling the larger and denser sand particles before the smaller manure particles, but freezing conditions in the Midwest affect the management of this separation technique. This experiment aimed to identify the relationship between the slurry composition and manure freezing point. We measured the freezing point of water, sodium chloride solutions, and liquid manure from regional dairy farms in a lab setting. Thermocouples in flasks containing the different liquid types measured the solution’s temperature as the liquid changed phase to solid when the samples were placed on a shaker in a freezer. The freezing point of the water and sodium chloride solutions provide a comparison to standard and known freezing temperatures. The freezing points for manure samples are discussed relative to their physical and chemical composition.
Can swine manure be sidedressed to corn via dragline hose?*
Authors: Chris Pfarr, University of Minnesota; Melissa Wilson
Abstract: Spring in the Upper Midwest can be short resulting in challenges for producers to apply manure and plant their crops in a timely manner to maximize yield. This results in a significant amount of manure applied in the fall after the crop is harvested. Fall applied manure has ample amount of time to mineralize and leave the plant available root zone before the next season’s crop can utilize the nutrients. These nutrients can end up in rivers and other fresh water bodies decreasing water quality. Sidedressing manure to growing crops could provide producers with another window of opportunity to apply their manure, maximize nutrient uptake efficiency, and increase water quality. This summer was the start of a two-year study researching the effectiveness of sidedressing slurry swine manure to corn via dragline hose compared to anhydrous ammonia and 32% UAN. This study will analyze yield, ammonia gaseous losses, plant nutrient uptake, and soil nitrate content through the soil profile throughout the growing season.
Antimicrobial resistance in beef feedlot manure as impacted by forage concentration and essential oil in finishing cattle diets*
Authors: Mara Zelt, University of Nebraska- Lincoln; A. Millmier Schmidt; N. Antieno; X. Li; Z. Staley; H. Wilson; G. Erickson
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) infection is a serious threat to public health and growing evidence demonstrates its linkage to antibiotic use in livestock. Because the collection, storage and land application of manure are potential vectors for antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARBs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) to environmental matrices and foods of animal origin, research is underway to assess the effectiveness of numerous beef feedlot cattle manure management practices on mitigation of antimicrobial resistance. Likewise, a nationwide outreach effort is being developed to translate research findings from this and other research into recommendations for practices among stakeholders to control AMR in food production systems. This research project is focused on evaluating the impact of beef cattle diet management strategies on AMR prevalence in freshly excreted manure and consolidated feedlot surface material and will be translated and delivered via outreach programming to improve knowledge among agricultural producers and consumers of AMR-related food safety concerns and implementation of relevant research-based AMR mitigation practices. Two treatments – forage concentration and essential oils – in cattle diets were evaluated for their impact on AMR bacteria in beef feedlot manure. The experiment was conducted in a feedlot using a randomized-block-3x2-factorial design with three forage concentrations (80%, 47% and 14%) and the presence or absence of a proprietary blend of essential oils delivered in the animal feed. Freshly excreted manure and consolidated feedlot surface material were analyzed for tetracycline- and azithromycin-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) and for tetracycline- and tylosin-resistant Enterococci sp. Preliminary results indicate that the inclusion of the essential oil in cattle diet does not significantly impact AMR resistant populations. However, a decrease in the resistant populations of both Enterococci and E. coli in fresh manure and pen surface material has been observed for the 80% forage diet treatment.
Can Manure Increase Corn Yield and Reduce Gaseous Losses?
Authors: Suresh Niraula, University of Minnesota; Shafiqur Rahman; Amitava Chatterjee
Abstract: When manure is used a fertilizer on crop land, it has been shown to improve soil health and increase crop yields compared to commercial fertilizer. However, the nutrients in manure can be quite variable. Little is known about the potential emissions of ammonia and greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide when manure is used as a nitrogen fertilizer. A two year study was conducted to measure gas emissions from crop land that received beef manure to compare it to crop land that received commercial fertilizer or no fertilizer. Two types of beef manure were broadcasted and immediately incorporated: solid beef manure and solid beef manure that contained wheat straw as bedding material. Crop yield was the same for plots that received both types of beef manure as well as the commercial fertilizer. Cumulative nitrous oxide emission over the growing season was highest when commercial fertilizer was used, but the use of commercial fertilizer reduced cumulative carbon dioxide emission by 42% compared to both types of manure. Cumulative methane emission was highest from plots that received the beef manure with bedding. When comparing manure versus commercial fertilizer, manure reduced cumulative ammonia emission by ~11%. No fertilizer was able to reduce all gaseous emissions, which highlights the challenges producers face when selecting a fertilizer to use on their crop field.
Accurate Manure Application is Complicated: Challenges and Solutions
Author: Chryseis Modderman, University of Minnesota Extension
Abstract: Livestock and poultry manure are valuable resources for crop producers as they provide nutrients and improve soil health. Since Minnesota produces an abundance of both crops and livestock/poultry, using manure as fertilizer is an efficient way to nourish crops, dispose of manure, and reduce commercial fertilizer input costs. Every possible effort should be made to apply manure at an accurate rate since over-application can cause environmental pollution and unnecessary increase of input costs. However, manure has a number of inherit factors that make accurate nutrient application challenging. Application timing and the variability of nutrient content, ratio, availability, and uniformity all contribute to the complexity of manure application. There are many ways to manage these challenges, but the best is to develop a manure management plan. The goal of a manure management plan is to improve the efficiency of nutrients; and developing a manure management plan is the most effective step an operator can take to minimize risk of over-application and runoff.
Closure of Lagoons/Earthen Manure Storages – Lessons Learned in Nebraska
Authors: Leslie J. Johnson, University of Nebraska- Lincoln Extension; Charles A. Shapiro; Amy Millmier Schmidt
Abstract: In Nebraska alone, nearly 400 earthen manure storage structures are in operation; approximately four dozen requests to cease operation of permitted lagoons have been received by the Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality in the prior decade with many more anticipated. Abandoned livestock lagoons, earthen manure storage basins, and other manure storages need to be decommissioned in a manner that controls potential environmental risk and makes economical use of accumulated nutrients. Currently, limited guidance is available to support lagoon closure planning and implementation and few professionals who support swine producers have experience planning or participating in the lagoon closure process. This poster, an output of a U.S. Pork Center of Excellence (USPCE) grant, outlines steps needed to decommission an abandoned lagoon. The main focus of the project is to produce videos that document the processes for planning and executing a lagoon closure. The University of Nebraska Haskell Ag Laboratory, located near Concord, NE, houses an anaerobic swine lagoon that has not received manure additions since 2009. The closure process followed was documented and will be described in this poster. Two videos documenting the complete closure process have been produced to illustrate the preparation and planning of the lagoon closure process and the other illustrates actual closure activities, including removal and land application of sludge, removal and plugging of manure conveyance pipes, deconstruction of lagoon berms, and final land grading and seeding. The two videos are available through the Pork Information Gateway (www.porkgateway.org).
Manure and fertilizer management influence on soil nutrient levels and grain yields in Eastern South Dakota from 2003 to 2014
Authors: Anthony Bly, SDSU Extension; S. Berg; R. Gelderman; B. Rops; P. Sexton; C. Morris
Abstract: Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) are required to hold a manure management permit in South Dakota. The permit encompasses available nutrients from manure, crop nutrient use and removal, soil test nitrate-N, and phosphorus and land availability for approved nutrient application rates. The management plan determines if nitrogen or phosphorus based manure application rates are used. Most CAFO’s start out following the nitrogen based plan as soil test phosphorus (P) levels are low to allow extra P applications beyond the agronomic needs of the crop. Manure nitrogen and phosphorus ratios are usually fixed and somewhat equal, and therefore soil P concentrations increase when following the nitrogen based plan. For these reasons, two manure management studies were initiated in 2003 to evaluate the long-term effects of soil properties and crop productivity following either the nitrogen or phosphorus based nutrient management plans. This resulted in five approaches: 1) crop nutrient requirements from fertilizer, 2) crop P requirements from manure, based on soil test and supplemented with nitrogen fertilizer as needed, 3) crop nitrogen requirements from manure, based on soil test, 4) double the crop nitrogen requirements from manure, and 5) non-limiting nutrients from fertilizer. During the project, soil test P decreased on the control plots, remained relatively steady on the crop nutrient requirements from fertilizer treatment plots, and significantly increased from both manure management approaches and the non-limiting nutrient fertilizer treatment. Soil organic matter and pH both increased with manure application. Corn and soybean grain yields were generally higher when nutrients were supplied from both fertilizer and manure, however manure treatment yields were generally the highest.
*Student poster
Authors: Maddie Watkins, University of Minnesota; Erin Cortus
Abstract: Sand is frequently used for bedding in dairies, and some sand ultimately ends up in the liquid manure regularly removed from the barn. Sand lanes effectively separate sand from manure by settling the larger and denser sand particles before the smaller manure particles, but freezing conditions in the Midwest affect the management of this separation technique. This experiment aimed to identify the relationship between the slurry composition and manure freezing point. We measured the freezing point of water, sodium chloride solutions, and liquid manure from regional dairy farms in a lab setting. Thermocouples in flasks containing the different liquid types measured the solution’s temperature as the liquid changed phase to solid when the samples were placed on a shaker in a freezer. The freezing point of the water and sodium chloride solutions provide a comparison to standard and known freezing temperatures. The freezing points for manure samples are discussed relative to their physical and chemical composition.
Can swine manure be sidedressed to corn via dragline hose?*
Authors: Chris Pfarr, University of Minnesota; Melissa Wilson
Abstract: Spring in the Upper Midwest can be short resulting in challenges for producers to apply manure and plant their crops in a timely manner to maximize yield. This results in a significant amount of manure applied in the fall after the crop is harvested. Fall applied manure has ample amount of time to mineralize and leave the plant available root zone before the next season’s crop can utilize the nutrients. These nutrients can end up in rivers and other fresh water bodies decreasing water quality. Sidedressing manure to growing crops could provide producers with another window of opportunity to apply their manure, maximize nutrient uptake efficiency, and increase water quality. This summer was the start of a two-year study researching the effectiveness of sidedressing slurry swine manure to corn via dragline hose compared to anhydrous ammonia and 32% UAN. This study will analyze yield, ammonia gaseous losses, plant nutrient uptake, and soil nitrate content through the soil profile throughout the growing season.
Antimicrobial resistance in beef feedlot manure as impacted by forage concentration and essential oil in finishing cattle diets*
Authors: Mara Zelt, University of Nebraska- Lincoln; A. Millmier Schmidt; N. Antieno; X. Li; Z. Staley; H. Wilson; G. Erickson
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) infection is a serious threat to public health and growing evidence demonstrates its linkage to antibiotic use in livestock. Because the collection, storage and land application of manure are potential vectors for antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARBs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) to environmental matrices and foods of animal origin, research is underway to assess the effectiveness of numerous beef feedlot cattle manure management practices on mitigation of antimicrobial resistance. Likewise, a nationwide outreach effort is being developed to translate research findings from this and other research into recommendations for practices among stakeholders to control AMR in food production systems. This research project is focused on evaluating the impact of beef cattle diet management strategies on AMR prevalence in freshly excreted manure and consolidated feedlot surface material and will be translated and delivered via outreach programming to improve knowledge among agricultural producers and consumers of AMR-related food safety concerns and implementation of relevant research-based AMR mitigation practices. Two treatments – forage concentration and essential oils – in cattle diets were evaluated for their impact on AMR bacteria in beef feedlot manure. The experiment was conducted in a feedlot using a randomized-block-3x2-factorial design with three forage concentrations (80%, 47% and 14%) and the presence or absence of a proprietary blend of essential oils delivered in the animal feed. Freshly excreted manure and consolidated feedlot surface material were analyzed for tetracycline- and azithromycin-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) and for tetracycline- and tylosin-resistant Enterococci sp. Preliminary results indicate that the inclusion of the essential oil in cattle diet does not significantly impact AMR resistant populations. However, a decrease in the resistant populations of both Enterococci and E. coli in fresh manure and pen surface material has been observed for the 80% forage diet treatment.
Can Manure Increase Corn Yield and Reduce Gaseous Losses?
Authors: Suresh Niraula, University of Minnesota; Shafiqur Rahman; Amitava Chatterjee
Abstract: When manure is used a fertilizer on crop land, it has been shown to improve soil health and increase crop yields compared to commercial fertilizer. However, the nutrients in manure can be quite variable. Little is known about the potential emissions of ammonia and greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide when manure is used as a nitrogen fertilizer. A two year study was conducted to measure gas emissions from crop land that received beef manure to compare it to crop land that received commercial fertilizer or no fertilizer. Two types of beef manure were broadcasted and immediately incorporated: solid beef manure and solid beef manure that contained wheat straw as bedding material. Crop yield was the same for plots that received both types of beef manure as well as the commercial fertilizer. Cumulative nitrous oxide emission over the growing season was highest when commercial fertilizer was used, but the use of commercial fertilizer reduced cumulative carbon dioxide emission by 42% compared to both types of manure. Cumulative methane emission was highest from plots that received the beef manure with bedding. When comparing manure versus commercial fertilizer, manure reduced cumulative ammonia emission by ~11%. No fertilizer was able to reduce all gaseous emissions, which highlights the challenges producers face when selecting a fertilizer to use on their crop field.
Accurate Manure Application is Complicated: Challenges and Solutions
Author: Chryseis Modderman, University of Minnesota Extension
Abstract: Livestock and poultry manure are valuable resources for crop producers as they provide nutrients and improve soil health. Since Minnesota produces an abundance of both crops and livestock/poultry, using manure as fertilizer is an efficient way to nourish crops, dispose of manure, and reduce commercial fertilizer input costs. Every possible effort should be made to apply manure at an accurate rate since over-application can cause environmental pollution and unnecessary increase of input costs. However, manure has a number of inherit factors that make accurate nutrient application challenging. Application timing and the variability of nutrient content, ratio, availability, and uniformity all contribute to the complexity of manure application. There are many ways to manage these challenges, but the best is to develop a manure management plan. The goal of a manure management plan is to improve the efficiency of nutrients; and developing a manure management plan is the most effective step an operator can take to minimize risk of over-application and runoff.
Closure of Lagoons/Earthen Manure Storages – Lessons Learned in Nebraska
Authors: Leslie J. Johnson, University of Nebraska- Lincoln Extension; Charles A. Shapiro; Amy Millmier Schmidt
Abstract: In Nebraska alone, nearly 400 earthen manure storage structures are in operation; approximately four dozen requests to cease operation of permitted lagoons have been received by the Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality in the prior decade with many more anticipated. Abandoned livestock lagoons, earthen manure storage basins, and other manure storages need to be decommissioned in a manner that controls potential environmental risk and makes economical use of accumulated nutrients. Currently, limited guidance is available to support lagoon closure planning and implementation and few professionals who support swine producers have experience planning or participating in the lagoon closure process. This poster, an output of a U.S. Pork Center of Excellence (USPCE) grant, outlines steps needed to decommission an abandoned lagoon. The main focus of the project is to produce videos that document the processes for planning and executing a lagoon closure. The University of Nebraska Haskell Ag Laboratory, located near Concord, NE, houses an anaerobic swine lagoon that has not received manure additions since 2009. The closure process followed was documented and will be described in this poster. Two videos documenting the complete closure process have been produced to illustrate the preparation and planning of the lagoon closure process and the other illustrates actual closure activities, including removal and land application of sludge, removal and plugging of manure conveyance pipes, deconstruction of lagoon berms, and final land grading and seeding. The two videos are available through the Pork Information Gateway (www.porkgateway.org).
Manure and fertilizer management influence on soil nutrient levels and grain yields in Eastern South Dakota from 2003 to 2014
Authors: Anthony Bly, SDSU Extension; S. Berg; R. Gelderman; B. Rops; P. Sexton; C. Morris
Abstract: Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) are required to hold a manure management permit in South Dakota. The permit encompasses available nutrients from manure, crop nutrient use and removal, soil test nitrate-N, and phosphorus and land availability for approved nutrient application rates. The management plan determines if nitrogen or phosphorus based manure application rates are used. Most CAFO’s start out following the nitrogen based plan as soil test phosphorus (P) levels are low to allow extra P applications beyond the agronomic needs of the crop. Manure nitrogen and phosphorus ratios are usually fixed and somewhat equal, and therefore soil P concentrations increase when following the nitrogen based plan. For these reasons, two manure management studies were initiated in 2003 to evaluate the long-term effects of soil properties and crop productivity following either the nitrogen or phosphorus based nutrient management plans. This resulted in five approaches: 1) crop nutrient requirements from fertilizer, 2) crop P requirements from manure, based on soil test and supplemented with nitrogen fertilizer as needed, 3) crop nitrogen requirements from manure, based on soil test, 4) double the crop nitrogen requirements from manure, and 5) non-limiting nutrients from fertilizer. During the project, soil test P decreased on the control plots, remained relatively steady on the crop nutrient requirements from fertilizer treatment plots, and significantly increased from both manure management approaches and the non-limiting nutrient fertilizer treatment. Soil organic matter and pH both increased with manure application. Corn and soybean grain yields were generally higher when nutrients were supplied from both fertilizer and manure, however manure treatment yields were generally the highest.
*Student poster